Transcript
Hello! Tom from everystepcalculus.com and everystephysics.com. We are going to do a problem in calculus U substitution, and we are going to do a function with cosine in it. Index 8 to get to my menu. Press enter. I already had U substitution but you’ll scroll with this cursor here down or up or whatever to get to the [unclear 00:33] for the problem that you have at hand. So, U substitution is this problem and we are going to enter the function, we have to press alpha first before you enter anything in these entry lines here. So, we are going to press alpha, and then we want cosine, secant z here which is cosine, and then secant x which is log of x, close up the parentheses, and divided by x, is the function. So, it will show you what you have enter. You can change it if you want, else say it’s okay. Notice that the trick to use substitution is that whatever inside parenthesis here, you take the derivative of that and it’s got to be able to be matched to the outside somehow, okay? So, we are going to rewrite this because here we have 1/x here dx, so we are going to kind of isolate that so it’s already cleared for you. Cos(ln(x))*(1/x)dx, and then u = ln(x) du = 1/x
You have to memorize that. The integral of 1/x is ln(x) etc. so the opposite derivative of ln(x) is 1/x. So, now we are going to do the integral of cos u, du equal sin(u) + c. When you do the integral of cos u it’s sin u. so, now we have the answer of sin[ln(x)] + c, as the answer. Now, we are going to do another problem here, and we are going to press alpha, we are going to have secant. Cosine of second log of x, and without the x, divided by that. Okay? It shows you what you have entered, say it’s okay. And notice that this is not a U substitution problem but an integration by parts problem because notice that the derivatives of the parenthesis here, ln(x) is equal to 1/x but there’s nothing on the outside that equals 1/x. So, if that’s the case then you cannot integrate it by U substitution, you have to go to integration by parts. And that’s just pathetic here with the long, long here of getting the answer, more of Sudoku of math. So we have,
u = cos[ln(x)],
du = -sin[ln(x)],
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